PROBLEMS OF CULTURAL AND AESTHETIC DEVELOPMENT OF WESTERN EUROPEAN LITERATURE OF THE LATE 19th AND EARLY 20th CENTURIES IN THE LITERARY- CRITICAL PERCEPTION OF I. FRANKO AND M. PAVLYK.

Abstract

The development
of foreign literature and new trends
that emerged in the literature at the end
of the 19th and early 20th centuries had
a signifi cant impact on the development of
Ukrainian literature. Such famous artists of
Galicia as I. Franko and M. Pavlyk showed
a great interest in contemporary literary
tendencies and highly appreciated those
representatives of foreign art who defended
the interests of the people.
One of the main problems of European
literature of that time was naturalism. The
attitude to M. Pavlyk’s and I. Franko’s naturalism
was controversial. Naturalistic art is
genetically related to realistic. Therefore, it
is diffi cult to distinguish between these areas
in literary works. Galician writers tried to
understand the artistic, socio-political ideas
of French naturalism, which corresponded
to the contemporary tendencies of European
literature. Under naturalism in literature
the fi rst priority aspects of the social plan
were considered. Social and literary reasons
explain the great interest in the work of
E. Zola, G. Flaubert. The views of I. Franko
and M. Pavlyk on contemporary literature
were in the process of certain changes; the
evolution of their principles of evaluation of
artistic works and literary-critical perception
took place.
Noteworthy are the interest of the Galician
artists in the problems of foreign literature,
the attempt to include Ukrainian
literature in the global context.