Gender-role conflict of actors: features of manifestation

Abstract

Purpose: analysis of the features of gender-role conflict of actors.
Research methods and techniques. The main method of studying the gender-role conflict of actors was the
author’s questionnaire «Gender-role conflict», developed on the basis of methods that study the family-work conflict,
work- family conflict and scales of deformation of the role of work and family. The questionnaire contains 24 items.
The following criteria form the basis of the developed questionnaire: attitude to one’s own gender identity; ideas
about the conflict between work and family, family and work; combination of professional activity and fatherhood /
motherhood; signs of gender equality at work; study of gender stereotypes; consistency of gender and other roles. On
the basis of the responses received, we conditionally identified the levels of manifestation of the gender-role conflict:
strongly manifested, above average, the average level of manifestation, below average, not manifested.
Results. The results of the study showed the predominant signs of gender-role conflict of actors and the extent
of their manifestation.
It is noted that the perceptions of respondents (both men and women) about the image of the modern man and
woman mostly meet the norms of gender roles.
For female actresses, the roles that correspond to the realization of gender identity and the expected female
gender norms turned out to be the most relevant. Professional roles occupy an important, but still second position.
For men, the most important was the combination of roles – parental and gender (male) identities, professional,
protector and breadwinner. Almost half of the respondents indicate satisfaction when combining family and
professional roles.
Most actors point to the presence of a «double load» that GRC entails to some extent. Almost half of the
respondents (both men and women) experience to some extent a «family-work» conflict, which manifests itself in the
inconvenience of performing household and family duties and the need to engage in professional activities, especially
overtime. A slightly smaller number of respondents note the existence of a «work-family» conflict to a certain extent,
which manifests itself in discomfort when it is necessary to make changes to family plans through professional
activities. A quarter of women and a third of men indicate that work prevents them from spending time with loved
ones, which is an essential feature of GRC.
It is noted that half of the actors inherent gender stereotypes. It was found that some of the interviewed women
are not aware of the signs of gender inequality at work.
Conclusions. Among the respondents, almost half of the actors were found to have signs of gender-role conflict
in varying degrees of manifestation. Among the respondents with signs of GRC, the below average level of GRC in
women and the average level of GRC in men predominate. In general, the most common signs of GRC among the
actors were «double workload», conflicts «family-work», «work-family», the presence of gender stereotypes.